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- SECTION III
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- HEART ATTACK
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- Heart attacks are among the leading cause of death
- in the United States. A heart attack happens when
- one or more of the blood vessels that supply blood
- to the heart become blocked. When this occurs, cells
- in the heart begin to die when they cannot get blood
- for vital nourishment. If a large part of the heart
- is deprived of blood, the heart stops beating and
- the victim suffers CARDIAC ARREST!
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- When a victim's heart stops beating, they require
- CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) which provides
- vital oxygen through rescue breathing and which
- maintains circulation through chest compressions.
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- ******
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- PROPER TRAINING IS REQUIRED TO PERFORM CPR, HOWEVER
- ANY HEART ATTACK CAN LEAD TO CARDIAC ARREST AND IT
- IS THEREFORE VITAL FOR FIRST AIDERS TO BE ABLE TO
- RECOGNIZE THE EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK
- SO THE VICTIM CAN RECEIVE PROMPT PROFESSIONAL
- ATTENTION!
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- A heart attack victim whose heart is still beating
- has a much better chance of survival than a victim
- whose heart has stopped! Most heart attack victims
- who die succumb within 2 hours after having their
- heart attack. Many of these victims could be saved
- if bystanders recognize the symptoms of a heart
- attack and get the victim to a hospital quickly!
- Indeed, many victims of heart attacks think they are
- experiencing HEARTBURN or other minor discomfort
- when in fact their life is in jeopardy!
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- The most significant sign of a heart attack is chest
- pain. The victim may describe it as pressure, a
- feeling of tightness in the chest, aching, crushing,
- fullness or tightness, constricting or heavy pain.
- The pain may be located in the center of the chest
- although it is not uncommon for the pain to radiate
- to one or both shoulders or arms or to the neck, jaw
- or back.
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- In addition to pain, victims may experience
- sweating, nausea or shortness of breath. Many
- victims deny they may be having a heart attack.
- Others may have their condition worsened by fear of
- dying.
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- With all victims of heart attacks - and with all
- victims receiving first aid for any condition - it
- is important for the rescuer to constantly reassure
- the victim and keep them as calm and relaxed as
- possible.
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- The psychological value of reassurance is as
- important in first aid as any treatments!
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- FIRST AID FOR A HEART ATTACK
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- 1. Recognize the signs & symptoms of a heart
- attack
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- 2. Comfort & reassure the victim
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- 3. Have the victim stop whatever they were doing
- and sit or lie in a comfortable position
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- 4. Summon emergency medical help quickly
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- 5. If the victim become unconscious, be prepared
- to perform CPR [IF YOU ARE TRAINED TO DO SO]
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- All of us can reduce the risk of heart attack by
- controlling high blood pressure, limiting
- cholesterol in the diet, watching weight,
- exercising, giving up smoking and minimizing stress.
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